Running Matrix Synapse Home Server in Docker on Ubuntu Server 🌱

What is Matrix?

Matrix is an open source project that publishes the Matrix open standard for secure, decentralised, real-time communication, and its Apache licensed reference implementations. -https://matrix.org

Installing Docker

  1. Log into the Linux host
  2. Run the following commands in a terminal window
    # install prerequisites
    sudo apt install apt-transport-https ca-certificates curl software-properties-common gnupg-agent -y
    # add docker gpg key
    curl -fsSL https://download.docker.com/linux/$(awk -F'=' '/^ID=/{ print $NF }' /etc/os-release)/gpg | sudo apt-key add -
    # add docker software repository
    sudo add-apt-repository "deb [arch=$(dpkg --print-architecture)] https://download.docker.com/linux/$(awk -F'=' '/^ID=/{ print $NF }' /etc/os-release) $(lsb_release -cs) stable"
    # install docker
    sudo apt install docker-ce docker-compose containerd.io -y
    # enable and start docker service
    sudo systemctl enable docker && sudo systemctl start docker
    # add the current user to the docker group
    sudo usermod -aG docker $USER
    # reauthenticate for the new group membership to take effect
    su - $USER

Running Matrix Synapse

  1. Continue with the following commands in terminal to setup and run Matrix Synapse
    # create working directories
    sudo mkdir ~/docker/matrix-synapse -p && sudo mkdir ~/docker/postgresql -p
    # set owner of docker directory
    sudo chown "$USER":"$USER" ~/docker -R
    # run the postgesql docker container
    docker run -d --name postgres -e POSTGRES_USER=matrix_synapse_rw -e POSTGRES_PASSWORD=m@trix! -e POSTGRES_DB=matrix_synapse -e LC_COLLATE='C' -e LC_CTYPE='C' -e POSTGRES_INITDB_ARGS="--encoding=UTF-8" -v ~/docker/postgresql:/var/lib/postgresql/data --restart=unless-stopped postgres:latest
    # generate synapse homeserver.yaml
    docker run -it --rm -v ~/docker/matrix-synapse:/data -e SYNAPSE_SERVER_NAME=my.matrix.host -e SYNAPSE_REPORT_STATS=no matrixdotorg/synapse:latest generate
    # edit the homeserver.yaml file
    sudo nano ~/docker/matrix-synapse/homeserver.yaml
  2. Press CTRL+W and search for name: server_name

    server_name: "YOUR.MATRIX.DNS"

  3. Press CTRL+W and search for name: sqlite3
  4. Comment out the sqlite database parameters by adding a # to the beginning of each of the lines
  5. Add the following database connection below the commented out lines to connect to the Postgres container:

    database:
     name: psycopg2
     txn_limit: 10000
     args:
      user: matrix_synapse_rw
      password: m@trix!
      database: matrix_synapse
      host: postgres
      port: 5432
      cp_min: 5
      cp_max: 10

  6. Add the following line at the bottom of the file

    suppress_key_server_warning: true

  7. Press CTRL+O, Enter, CTRL+X to write the changes
  8. Continue with the following commands in terminal
    # generate a random string
    RANDOMSTRING=$(openssl rand -base64 30)
    # write the random string as registration_shared_secret
    echo "registration_shared_secret: $RANDOMSTRING" | sudo tee -a ~/docker/matrix-synapse/homeserver.yaml > /dev/null
    # run the matrix synapse container
    docker run -d --name matrix-synapse --link postgres -v ~/docker/matrix-synapse:/data -p 8008:8008 --restart=unless-stopped matrixdotorg/synapse:latest
    # create a new synapse user
    docker exec -it matrix-synapse register_new_matrix_user http://DNSorIP:8008 -c /data/homeserver.yaml
  9. Enter a username, enter and confirm the password and choose if the user is an admin
  10. At this point the Matrix Synapse server is running over http
  11. Open a web browser and navigate to the http://DNSorIP:8008
  12. A message stating It works! Synapse is running should be displayed
  13. Navigate to https://element.io/get-started#download
  14. Download and install Element
  15. Run the Element application
  16. Click Sign In
  17. Click the Edit link next to matrix.org
  18. Select Other homeserver > type http://DNSorIP:8008 > Click Continue
  19. Login using the Synapse username and password created earlier

Documentation: https://registry.hub.docker.com/r/matrixdotorg/synapse/